 |
Nd
doped Yttrium Vanadate (Nd3+:YVO4) is one
of the most effective and advanced materials for diode pumped lasers.
Compactly designed Nd3+:YVO4 lasers with green,
red and blue light output are really perfect means for material processing,
spectroscopy, medical diagnostics, laser printing and other applications.
Compared to Nd3+:YAG and Nd3+:YLF, Nd3+:YVO4
diode pumped lasers have: wide absorption bandwidth, low lasing threshold,
high slope efficiency, large luminescent cross-section, linearly polarized
emission and single-mode output.
Yttrium Vanadate doped with Er3+ or
Yb3+ and also with a combination of Er3+, Yb3+
(YVO4:Er3+; YVO4:Yb3+; YVO4:Er3+,Yb3+)
work on wavelenghts of 1.54, 1.61 µm and are used in eyesafe laser
applications. In contrast to Er3+, Yb3+ doped
phosphate glass, Er3+, Yb3+:YVO4 crystals
can be used in CW mode with high pump energy and high efficiency. Its
thermal conductivity is much higher than that of glass and this improves
pump characteristics of the laser and relaxes cooling requirements.
Yb3+:YVO4 has a wide absorption bandwidth at 0.98
µm and can generate with high effectivity at 1.02 µm, due to
low losses of the pump energy.
Combined Yttrium Vanadate (YVO4 /Nd3+:YVO4)
crystals, which had combined during growth process, are principially different from
analoguous composite crystals, produced by bonding undoped and Nd3+
doped YVO4 crystals utilizing the thermal diffusion. In case
of thermal diffusion at the bonding interface, optical losses can be
examined, which lead to lower laser efficiency, and at certain laser
conditions cracks can appear on this interfaces resulting in the damage
of the optical element. The offered combined crystals do not have such
bonding interfaces and for this reason mentioned problems do not occur.
The combined crystals have about 10-15% higher output generation characteristics
and a higher damage threshold compared to composite crystals.
New Nd3+-doped gadolinium vanadate crystals
Nd3+:GdVO4 allow to create effective diode-pumped
lasers for applications in medicine and technique. |
MAIN
PROPERTIES OF Nd3+:YVO4:
| Syngony |
cubic |
| Spatial
group |
Fd3m |
| Lattice
constant, Å |
a
= b = 7.12, c= 6.29 |
| Density,
g/cm3 |
4.22 |
| Mohs
hardness |
8 - 9 |
| Melting
point, °C |
2105 |
| Crystal
structure |
tetragonal |
| Refractive
indices: |
|
| at
1064 nm |
no
=1.9573; ne =2.1652 |
| at
808 nm |
no
=1.9721; ne =2.1858 |
| at
532 nm |
no
=2.0210; ne =2.2560 |
| Thermal
expansion coefficient |
αc
= 11.37 x 10-6 x °K-1 |
| Thermal
conductivity at 25°C, W x m-1 x °K-1,
perpendicular to c-axis |
5.10 |
| Lasing
Wavelengths, nm |
914,
1064, 1342 |
MAIN PROPERTIES
OF Nd3+:GdVO4:
| Generation
transitions |
4F3/2(P)4I13/2
4F3/2(P)4I11/2 |
| Generation
wavelength, nm |
1062.9;
1340 |
| Absorption
coefficient, cm-1E׀׀C; E C |
74
at 808nm; 10 at 808nm |
| Wavelength
range for diode pumping, nm |
805-815 |
| Lattice
parameters, Å |
a=b=7.21;
c=6.35 |
| Density,
g/cm3 |
5.47 |
| Thermal
conductivity, W/(m·K); |
11.7
(011); 9.6 (100) |
Specifications for laser rods/slabs:
| Material: |
YVO4:Nd3+
|
YVO4:Er3+ |
YVO4:Yb3+ |
YVO4
/Nd3+:YVO4 |
Nd3+:GdVO4 |
| Dopant concentration,
at. % |
0.1 - 4.0 |
0.2 - 5.0 |
0.5 - 5.0 |
0.1 - 2.0 |
0.1 - 4 |
| Configuration
of rod´s cross section |
round or
square |
round or
square |
round or
square |
round or
square |
round or
square |
| Cross section,
mm |
1.5 - 25.0 |
from 2x2
to 5x10 |
from 2x2
to 5x10 |
from 2x2
to 5x10 |
from 2x2
to 5x10 |
| Length, mm |
0.5 - 30.0 |
0.5 - 20 |
0.5 - 20 |
undoped part
- 1-5
doped part - 1 - 10 |
0.5 - 20 |
| Diameter
tolerance, mm |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
| Length tolerance,
mm |
± 0.5 |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
± 0.1 |
| Non-parallelism
of end faces, arc sec |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
| Surface finish,
Scratch-Dig |
10 - 5 |
10 - 5 |
10 - 5 |
10 - 5 |
10 - 5 |
| Flatness |
λ/10 |
λ/10 |
λ/10 |
λ/10 |
λ/10 |
We supply rods and
slabs with different cross-sections, dimensions and coatings. Different
dopants compositions with different concentrations are available for
specific customer requirements. |